UNEMPLOYED PROBLEMS OF ASSAM AND SOME REMEDIAL MEASURES

Unemployment in one such mighty problem put the future sizeable group of educated as well as uneducated youth of country in the dark. Limited number of 'white colour jobs' has failed to meet up tthe demand created in the job market. The severity of this problem is on the increase. It has become the problem like uncured disease and our economic expert are diagnosing to case the problem in different angles during the past plan period and programme. So materialised perhaps failed to achieve any desired result. Now it has become a challenging national problem bringing acute measeries to the society, individual family and particularly to the job seekers.
When a human body is seriously affected by different types of disease consciously or unconsciously its registance powerdecreases. Physiciary may treat the body seriously but result achieved may not be worthwhile. Likewise our major problem of unemployment has been cropped up as a national disease. Which cannot be cured overnight with a magic stic. If we take a overall statistics of our state, more than 20(Twenty) lacs of registered unemployed youths are seeking different types of jobs in the state at present. Different political parties forming the government in Assam in past and at presentand implemented various planning and programmes in the state but could not take sincere attitude towards easing the problems during the last two decades of generation of employment out of Industry, Agriculture or forestry etc. Crores of rupees were spent on planning programme but the result achieved are very poor.
It is experienced from the employment service the registered job seekers shows that more than 85% of the live registered are catagorized as "White colour" and unskilled job seekers and the remaining are from Engineering, Medical, Teaching and others. In this regard our state Govt. is not at all a successful policy maker to mobilize, except a very small portion of job seekers to be absorbed in the self-employment scheme through states own finance.
Naturally, now questions arise out of these situations how can all those people be engaged in such an economic backward state like Assam? Such a magitude problem arising due to various reasons can not be solved in a magic way. But it is believed if our Govt. extents its sincere attitude towards easing the problem in a planned and partial manner with an advisory body considering some experts fom all the brances like Agriculture, Veterinary, Fishery, Forestry Oil and Natural Scientist etc. with their valuable advice, Govt. can successfully face the problem of the job seekers.
The state of Assam has vast Agriculture lands, Forests, Oil & Natural gas,Coal and so many water resources. Our main hindrances to develop the rural economy of the state having poor communication to the rural areas, shortage of well stablished markets for selling of any Industrial or Agricultural products, absence of any training facilities to the job seekers. Naturally, questions arises how to proceed where to proceed to bring enermous success in the field of unemployment for placing huge number of different job seekers to earn their livelihood.
Inthe remedial measures, time has arive to study the qualities and nature of job seekers. It is time that the educated unemployed youth of our state is yet to proved their intectuality like others state. In national level recruitment like I.A.S., I.P.S, I.R.S., I.F.S., I.E.S. etc the percentage of success of our badly suffering. The job seekers are badly suffering from lack of confidence and decieved by the corrupted machineries and political leaders of the state. It become essential to Introduce the syllabus for development of personality confidence of the school going children. From school onwards each and every students are as partially aware of the "Jobs less future" which create depression among them after completion of their education. Due to job less situation the educated youths are losing their self confidence, personality, respect to the government and competitive attitude. However Govt. has initiated soe measures but not and enough at all the Employment Exchange by deputed the officers to visit the school the colleges for development of personality to sit in the various competitive examinations. In spite of these, Govt. should compulsory introduce a subject in the school and college level.
"Self Employment" is the best option as means of respectable living. A self employed person is a matter of his or her own self. The Govt. of Assam as well as the Central Govt. has launched several self employment programmes throughout the Century which are not come out cent percent success.
(i) The Bureacrautic produces for selection of beneficiaries disrupted the aims and objects of the scheme. It should be made a little frequent in case of various employment schemes.
(ii) Scheme are become failure due to proper initiative are not taken for the remote and backward areas. As a result the backward areas remain as it is.
(iii) Govt. should take steps initial to stablish agricultural based industries for which the unemployed youths may be motivated to agricultured works.
(iv) Arrangement sholud be made by the concerned department of supply raw materials at no profit, no loss prices & help the growers top market to finish products at normal price.
These are some of the ways and means which can improve the problems for large no. of job seekers of Assam roaming here and there with frustration.

DUTIES OF TEACHERS AND GUARDIANS TO ADOLESCENCE STUDENTS

Adolescence is the period of repid growth physical and mental development between childhood and adulthood. The period of adolescence between 8-9 years for boys and 8-18 years for girls. Appearence of secondary exernal signs of sexual inaturatation to complete sexual maturity. Adolescence period of a student between 14 to 18 years is very important. It is the time of carrier making with good performance in examination. It is also the time of character forming age. But adolescence age is marked by abrutly physical growth, development of reproductive organ and too much secretion neuro endocrine glands. In the adolescence peroid students mind become frequent shifts of mood. They want to do every function by emotionally because of too much productions of hormones including six hormones in the body. This come at a time of preoccupation with self assertian, mind development in self identity, self steem and self respect. A possitive and accurate understanding of self in reaction to peer groups in school and rest of the world in important for social adjustment particularly under the conditions of stress and conflicts. Moral rreasoning developes in adolescence, regarding of their culture and their religious background. It is the time of attraction to opposite sex. So, teachers including guardians should care to their students and ward. The life of some talent student may also spoil for the very sensitive period of adolescence. There arises some common problem in adolescence period of age. Acne is the main problem in this period both boys and girls. In one side, the students of adeloscence become sensitive to beautiness and in other side, acne makes them ugly. So, they begin to think the cause to relieve from acne and use various types of cream without the docters prescription. That infects the skin dangerously. Acne occurs from clogged pores of skin due to side effects of sex hormones. So, teachers should help to understand the actual cause of acne. In case under develop students, there arises a problem of psychosomatic, called HYPOCHONDRA. Because they inter adeloscence lately. In the adeloscene period, socia; awakwardness arises in the mind of the students and they begin to gregariomnsess. It is the opposite nature of lonelyness in the adeloscence period. So, sometimes students may creat a critical circumstances due to too much friend collection because it is not easy to select a proper friend for the dangerous age. So, guardian should be always alert to their wards. In adeloscence period both boys and girls start to consciousness to their body weight. They want to keep their body slim for which they takes less food. As a growth stage they should take more food because it is the time to eat nutrient food. As a result of taking less food, students suffer from deficiency disease. Sometime again some students of this age eat too much or fast food and become fatty. Neurasthenia is adolescence symptom in case of some adult young. The special characterstic of neurathenia is in ability of concentration to study or enjoying. Neurathenia may lead the students to fatigues depression and head ache. So, the teachers and guardians consciousness is very necessary to remedy the problems. Another problem arises in case of adeloscence students is phobias. Phobia is a psychological disease. In this case doctors advice or treatment is verry necessary. Adiction to alcohol, drugs, tobacco, smoking, chewing and rap are also verious types of adeloscence disorder.Blue film watching, frustration in schools result, infurity complex, depression, physical and mental deflections are the main cause to these problems. Blue film watching of adeloscence students attract to rap and robberydeloscence age become fashionable. Their concentration goes to dressess and style except study. Now a days mobile fashion also a harmfull factor to adeloscence. They talk unnecessary subject matter and spoil time and money. After all students fail to handle mobiles in proper manner. Adeloscence is the formative period of both physical and psychological health and is the preparatory phase of a student to his future life. That means students future life depends upon this period. In this period, students want to identity themself in the wide world.They think that is right, others thinking are wrong. Moreover it is the time of a student to transformation psychological and behaviour habits. From this period students aquire from the family and society higher levels moral standings. Thus healthy adeloscence of a student depend upon teachers and guardians co-operation. So, every teacher and guardians should notice his adeloscence students or ward.

Teacher Education scenerio in Assam: A brief note from Zahangir Khan

Education is a decisive and a complex activity. Teacher education is perhaps more decisive and complex because it calls forth a series of promises to be fulfilled and poignancy to be translated in action well planned in and through contemplation. What one indeed expects from teacher education at the very outset is: Is it prepared from diverse and different perspectives of training and education of pre-service and in service teachers? At the same time it is equipped with realy qualified and devoted teacher educators who are in a very sound position of discharging their duties and responsibilities in boosting teacher preparation and teacher competency..Admittedly, as are the teachers so are institutions. An institution may have a very adequate and enviable infrastructure: buildings, playground, classroom, libraries and other facilities; but if there is an absence of minimum number of efficient, qualified, hard working devoted and sincere teachers, the whole purpose of education and teaching is terribly defeated. As there are lots of individual differences as well as similarities amongst learners in an academic institution from the psychological points of view. A good teacher knows how to deal with this heterogeneous class room climate. Necessarily, he/she is expected to stick to the golden principle of individualizing the instruction and teaching in judicious concurrence with and devotion to socializing the learners as best as possible. The greatest challenge of teacher education today is how to orient and train our teachers so that they may be justified to teaching or a grant unison of individualization without sacrificing quality and excellence in teaching learning under any circumstances whatsoever.

"The revelation of perfect child" as Rabindranath Tagore reminds us in his civilisation and progress, in order to creat the right atmosphere of joy freedom and creativity is the primary and mandatory need of the hour. Thinking, feeling, involving, having and loving are the five genuine and penetrating pointers and advancement in quality teaching. A radacal paradigmshift in teacher educationkeeping in view spontaneity, happyness, introspection and adventure in quest of the unknown and untraced, unearthed and undiscovered very transparent in vibrant, conjoint andteaching learning can no longer be stifled and relegated to the background by stuffing the learner with lifeless information and substandard dradgeries of details.
At the same time, teacher education is now at the critical juncture of eliminating excessive depends on memory-banks and crude craziness with computer fallouts. Let passivity in learning be eliminated and substantially replace by the fine tunings in teacher education that cares for sense and sensibilities, aesthetics and in-depth queries. Education is not a physical thing that can be delivered through post. Fertile the robust education is always created, rooted on physical and cultural soil of the child and nourished through interaction with parents, teachers, fellow students and community. The role and dignity of teachers in this function must be strengthened and underlined. There is mutuality in genuine construction of knowledge. In this transaction the teacher also learns if the child is not forced to remain passive. Since children really perceive and observe more than grownups, their potential role as knowledge creatores needs to be appreciated.
Admittedly, teacher education in the twenty first century looks forward to revamping in seven fold direction:(i)mapping the vulnerable areas of quality in teaching (ii) Restructuring the curriculum for school education (iii) revisiting and improving text-books and teaching learning materials (iv) individualising instruction for all round efflorescence of pupil-personality. (v) sensitizing the opposite approach for strengthening and mobilising social and aesthetic value (vi) caring and igniting pupils' creativity and critical thinking and (vii) exploring and fine-tuning the heartland of little learners with opposite and challenging strategies of teaching from time to time even under trying and unfavourable circumstances.
Let the teacher education be all the time spear headed by the education of nearness cordeality and sympathy for the learners under countless constraints in particular.
Pre-service teacher educaion holds a very prominent place in the area of education in general and teacher education in particular. That all education is pre-service education gives a very wrong signal in teacher education. It averts and, to a great extent, negates the very aims and objectives of teaching as a profession because it allows stagnation for the whole period of unemployment or the absence of recruitment and involvement in the profession of teaching.
Teacher education for in service teacher at the different stages of school education necessitates a fresh and through over-hauling. For this purpose the following points may be considered:
(i) Elimination of poverty in contant mastery and appropriate exercise thereof.
(ii) Regular systematic orientation in methods of teaching.
(iii) Exchange programmes for teacher with a view to ensuring quality and excellence in vulnerable institutions.
(iv) Special programme for proficiency in teaching for aesthetic and creative efflorescence.
(v) Pckage programme for teachers dealing with crucial and priority based issues and ideas on national and society solidarity.
(vi) Involement of teachers in scissoring heavy loads of learning and teaching.
(vii) Departure and dissociation from the existing pattern of training of pre-service and inservice teachers together as it calls forth constraints in desirable maintenance of quality and balance in teaching besides inviting unavoidable complex and delicacies.
(viii)fostering the spirit of improving the quality of teaching through igniting the importance of life long learning by appropriately manipulating the skills well formulated in terms of self-study and self experiments.
(ix) Steering the teachers attention towards right ideas, right concepts, right interpretation, right comprehension and right strategies whatsoever insignificant or marginal these might appear.
(x) The padagogic delebarations ought to be in perfect tune with learners abilities, proneness and contextual appeal in addition to the teachers 'own' models of imparting instruction well scanned under training schedule of acticities in diverse socio-cultural climate.
For the very dependable and sound programme of professional enrichment of teachers, the first andand formost ideas target area is to be well trained in how to learn the motivation maps and spurts of students and decide introducing teaching strategies accordingly. The end view therefore, is to launch vigorous and sustained teacher education progrmmes for committed and proficient teachers with all-encompassing evidence of enlivening competency and assured ascent of progress in different dimensions.
The teacher education for in service teachers poses an unphill task of evolutionary, diversifying and extending living visions of education for the enlightened all care should be taken to maintain a healthy climate of co-ordantion among the diferent stokeholders of training teachers education viz mossinary and private institution open universities and university department of education including advanced study centres in education and colleges under universities.